农村金融改革与发展问题展望

农村金融对农村经济社会发展具有重要的作用,随着我国农村金融机构的不断增加,涉农贷款呈现逐步增长的态势,金融产业和金融服务不断创新,农村金融的信用体系建设和支付体系建设需要进一步的改善,从根本上保证金融机构的可持续发展能力不断提升,为建设社会主义新农村创造良好的条件。针对农村金融改革过程中面临的新情况、新问题,需要采取有效的财税政策和金融政策,提升农村金融的现代化水平,通过完善机制、提升服务达到稳定农村金融市场的根本目标。     

Persistent organochlorine contaminants in hair samples of Northern Poland population, 1968-2009

The European regulation on chemicals, REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals), came into force on 1 June 2007. With pre-registration complete in 2008, data for these substances may provide an overview of the expected chemical space and its characteristics. In this paper, using various in silico computation tools, we evaluate 48 782 neutral organic compounds from the list to identify hazardous and safe compounds. Two different classification schemes (modified Verhaar and ECOSAR) identified between 17% and 25% of the compounds as expressing only baseline toxicity (narcosis). A smaller portion could be identified as reactive (19%) or specifically acting (2.7%), while the majority were non-assigned (61%). Overall environmental persistence, bioaccumulation and long-range transport potential were evaluated using structure-activity relationships and a multimedia fugacity-based model. A surprisingly high proportion of compounds (20%), mainly aromatic and halogenated, had a very high estimated persistence (>195 d). The proportion of compounds with a very high estimated bioconcentration or bioaccumulation factor (>5000) was substantially less (6.9%). Finally, a list was compiled of those compounds within the applicability domain of the models used, meeting both persistence and bioaccumulation criteria, and with a long-range transport potential comparable to PCB. This list of 68 potential persistent organic pollutants contained many well-known compounds (all halogenated), but notably also five fluorinated compounds that were not included in the EINECS inventory. This study demonstrates the usability of in silico tools for identification of potentially environmentally hazardous chemicals.     

杭州市环保信访网络系统的研究与开发

在对市环保局信访处理流程研究的基础上，开发一套自动化、无纸化的环保信访处理信息系统。     

突破与引领 开启废钢铁产业发展新征程

2011年两家以废钢加工配送为主业的专业化金属再生资源公司双双跻身于中国企业500强,显现了我国废钢铁产业的成就和希望。指出创造一个具有中国特色的现代化废钢铁产业体系需要大企业骨干群体的创新和引领,打造大企业的着力点在于扩大规模、系统管理及承担社会责任,其动力核心在于突破和创新。     

城市水环境治理运作机制构建与创新

中国实行改革开放以来，工业化和城市化推动了城市经济的快速增长，但城市水环境破坏严重。政府部门曾采取一些措施来改善水环境，但并未有效解决污染问题。由于城市水环境治理问题的重要性和紧迫性，国家科技部在武汉市汉阳区启动“水专项”寻求有效的治理模式。由于采用新的制度安排，注重科学技术与管理制度的结合，明显改善了汉阳地区的水环境。“武汉水专项”的试验显示出市场机制在城市水环境治理这类公益项目中同样是有效率的。构建更加有效的城市水环境治理运作机制既是必要的，也是可能的。构建城市水环境治理运作机制的核心是在确保水环境改善的公共目标的基础上，实现城市水环境治理投入的外部效应内部化，城市水环境治理可以成为具有广阔市场和丰厚盈利的现代服务业.     

西部大开发与环境保护政策的取向

实施西部大开发战略是我国跨世纪的重大决策，党中央和国家已将生态建设和环境保护放在十分重要的地位。文章对我国当前的环境保护政策进行了归纳和分析，指出了其中存在的困难和问题在于立法机制不健全、可行性差、与市场机制不相适应等。西部地区应认识和吸取有益经验，制定出与市场经济相适应的环境政策，实现西部地区经济社会与环境的协调发展。     

东平湖库区可持续发展综合分析

东平湖库区人口、资源及环境的矛盾非常突出，贫困与生态环境恶化的双重压力严重制约了库区的可持续发展。本文用可持续发展的观点及理论分析了库区可持续发展的客观因素，并对库区可持续发展的措施进行了探讨。     

知识网络的空间极化与扩散研究——以我国生物技术为例

知识网络是由创造、转移、吸收和应用知识的行为主体在知识的传播与交流过程中彼此联结而形成的网络结构。以国际ISI和国内VIP数据库中2000~2009年发表于生物技术领域的合著论文作者信息统计数据为数据源，基于社会网络分析的理论和方法，从国际和国内省级层面运用UCINET和Pajek软件分析知识网络的空间极化和扩散规律。总体上看网络仍处于量的扩张期，网络的稳健性正在逐步提高，网络结构开始向成熟型转变。国际层面上看，知识网络的空间极化现象明显。国内层面上看，知识网络由等级结构向扁平结构转变，空间上相应地经历了由一极向多核再向多中心发展的过程。依据知识网络空间分布特征，将知识交流区域分为知识集聚区、知识门户区、知识途径区及知识边缘区四大类型，并对我国的技术创新政策提出对策建议     

自然灾害综合预报和年度会商

本文从系统论的观点和高度上分析了自然灾害综合预报的必要性和重要意义，同时结合陕西省近几年开展年度综合会商的实际和体会，就自然灾害综合预报和年度会商的具体内容、形式和方法等建设问题进行了讨论，最后提出了今后进一步改进会商质量、提高预报水平的建议。     

COMPARATIVE BASES OF INDUSTRY POLLUTION ABATEMENT AND COMMERCIAL INNOVATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT1

ABSTRACT: Adoption, maintenance, and operation of pollution control technology by manufacturing firms is essential to effective water resource management. In this study of 102 industries, we find that company adoption of pollution control technology and practices is primarily associated with two factors: (1) the overall company capacity for innovation in its production technology; and (2) company relationships with state and federal pollution control agencies, local government officials and professionals. Managerial attitudes about pollution and government regulation are not associated with either pollution control or commercial innovation, but are seen as basic to industry-government relationships. The data suggest an important regulatory dilemma, the problem of regulating a large number of small companies with a low capacity for innovation, but which when taken together account for large volumes of toxic effluent.